Lathe



@en E@ 1929@ V. LAcHnN 1,738,436

LATHE Filed Jan. l2, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 N Sxwentor @in CllorucgS.

Dec. 3, 1929. v. LACHIN 1,738,436

LATHE Filed Jan. 12, 1929 3 sheets-sheet 2 Y W' "ew :Snventor Dec. 3, 1929. V, LAQHlN v 1,738,436

Patented Dec. 3, 1929 UNITED STATES VICTOR LAGHIN, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA LATHE Application led January 12, 1929. Serial No. 332,182.

The present invention relates to improvements in lathes for twisted work, and more particularly refers to a machine constructed for forming, cutting or grinding twisted,

round columns in any material, such as plaster, marble, stone, wood, etc.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved lathe of the general character above specified in which by'a simple interchange ability of the parts the machine will be suited to operating upon columns of various diameters and of various pitches in the twists given the columns; and the machine is constructed to permit of the ready interchangeability of such parts.

\ Another object of the invention is to provide an improved lathe for twisted work including an improved carriage construction, and an improved carriage operating mechanism whereby speed and accuracy can be secured in the doing of the work.

A further object of the invention lies in providing an improved lathe possessing few and simple parts organized into a compact machine having a simple mode of operation and simply and easily controlled.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention will be more fully described hereinafter, and will be more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, wherein like symbols refer to like or corresponding parts throughout the several views,

Figure 1 is a top plan view showing an improved lathe constructed according to the present invention. i

Figure 2 is a side elevation of the same, with parts shown in section.

Figure 3 is a cross section taken on the line takenon the line of the templet or scraper, or sections of the columfn operated upon by complementally formed templets.

`Referring more particularly to the drawings 12, 13, 14 and 15 designate beams or portions of the framework of the lathe which are appropriately supported and extend substantially horizontally with the beams 12 and 13 closely spaced at one end of the machine and the beams 14 and 15 similarly closely spaced at the other end of the machine.

A shaft 16 is journaled appropriately in bearings carried by the beams or other portions of theframeworlr and projects at one endbeyond the framework where it is supplied with a hand wheel 17 affixed thereto, the hand wheel being turned manually by a handle 18 projecting therefrom. The hand wheel 17 is removably aiiixed to the shaft 16 as by the use of a removable key 19.

The top bearings for the shaft 16 are shown in Figures 1 and 3 at `20 and are provided with the thumb screws 21 or other appropriate fastenings for clamping same in place. The bottom bearings are shown at 22 in Figure 3 and are held upon the beams by the use of appropriate fastenings,"for instance by the bolts 23. i

The'worlr is indicated in dotted lines at 24 in Figure 1 and in full lines in Figure 5 by the same reference numerals. The shaft 16 shown is used for plaster work. For stone and wood, other standard types of shaft would be used. i

The flanged winch drums 25 and 26 are shown as affixed to the shaft 16 near the ends thereof.` The winch drum 25 ismo'unted between the beams 12 and 13; while the companion winch drum 26is mounted between the beams 14 and 15. The winch drums are afliXed to the shaft 16 as by the use of bolts 27 and the winch drums may be constructed as shown more particularly in Figures 7 and 8 in which such drums are formed in two longitudinal sections 28 and 29 having a substantially Z-shaped dividing line 8O between same whereby when the sections 28 and 29 are moved together axially, they may be fitted together and prevented from radial separation and when moved in the opposite longi- 4t 'e hinged templ'et-plate '43 hinged at 44 to the v the drums to accidental-ly come apart. The

bolts 27 preferably extend through the clamp collars 31 and 32 and also through the shaft V 16 which is perforated for this, purpose in order to cause the drunsto rotate with the shaft.. A cable 3 5 4has one end aliixed to the winch drum and is wound for a portion thereaboutin one direction having its other endyatlixedto a carriage 3 6 and its intermediatepart running over a pulley 37.

. cable. 38 hasone end aiiixed to the carn riage 36 at. the opposite end of said carriage andis passed a out a roller or pulley 39, having the otherendof said cable 38 wound aboutA the drum 26 and aixed at its terminal to saidfdrum, the winding of the cable 38 being oppositely to the Winding of the cable 3 5, `4so. that as the cable 35 is Wound up upon its drum 2 5, the cable .38V will be payed out.

A'turn buckle 405 or other adjusting device may be included in the connection of the V cable 38 to the carriage for the purpose of adjusting'the lengthl of the'cable. A cutter 431 is; Shown Vas mounted on the carriage 36 and having-ja cutting edge of a desiredV shape tcimpartthe desired twist to the work 24.

The''cutter- 41 is removably mounted upon v the carriage as byv the useof screws l42.

' A- Referring morey particularly to Figure 6 thecutter is shown vas., being carried by a carriage .apremiantef' Y This carriage upper-plate is connected by aswivel 46, withv the; carriage' proper 36 which formed with. a; longitudinally extending .T Efshaped groove'47 to receive-the correspondingly formed-rail 4 8.. Thisrail. is adjustably y held'by thebcl-tsandiwingednuts 49. These boltsare munted through slots in the longitudinal;lbeams` .51 off the lathe frame. The carriagebed plate is shown at 52, it bev .ingfadjustably securedas-by the screws 53 to f beam 51'.

.;:The carriage bed plate is shown in Figure flashelcl;1 uponfthe'supporting brackets 54 having; series: of perforations 55 engagea-ble selectivelyby bolts 56 and 57, thelatter of whichivmay- .extend throughV a transversely ,elongated slot58 in the'bed plate.

Upon the beams 12and 13 are mounted the take-up' brackets 59,`a-11d 60'having series of :perforations therein for engagement selectively bythe pins'` 6l` and 62 at the ends of the cable take-up plate63, whichfis provided rv/ithv ai vslotf64;V having a, ser-ies of spaced notches in the edge thereof toward the drum. This construction is also shown in Figure 4, wherein is illustrated the arm for supporting the guide roller 37 having the self-locking roller base and thumb screw 67. In the operation of the device, the hand wheel 17 is manually rotated and thereby the work 24 and the drums 25 and 26 are rotated. One of the cables is accordingly payed out while the other is wound on the drum and the carriage is thus shifted along causing the cutter to progressively cut the work in accordance with the spiral required. The various diameters and twists are determined by the diameter of the winch drums 25 and 26 and the diameter of the cables. If for example, b represents the diameter of the cables, and d represents the diameter of the winch drums, then with one turn of the hand wheel, the carriage will have moved a distance equal to a. This distance depends upon the required twist, according to the following formula.

By shifting the carriage bed plate 52 toward or from the shaft 16, the desired diameter can be made.

The drawing in Figure 1 shows a clockwise twist. To make a reverse twist the cables are wound in the opposite directions upon the drums. A tapered column can be made by bending and shifting the rail 48. This rail is bendableand shiftable locally toward or from the shaft 16 or work holder and may be held in place by the bolts 49 after adjustment.

Figures 9, 10 and 11 show the single twisted, double twisted and triple twisted cutters.

It is obvious that various changes and modifications may be made in the details of construction and design of the above specifically described embodiment of this invention without departing from the spirit thereof, such changes and modifications being restricted only by the scope of the following claims.

lVliat is claimed is 1'. In a lathe, a rotary work support, a carriage movable lengthwise of the support, .a cutting tool mounted on the carriage, drums removably 'affixed t0 said work support and rotating therewith, adjustable cable guides adjacent said drums, a cable wound in one direction on one of the drums trained about one of the guides and connected to one edge of the carriage, and a second cable wound in the reversely opposite direction about the other drum trained about the adjacent guide and connected to the opposite end of said carriage.

2. In a lathe, a rotary work support, a carriage movable along the work support, a cutting tool mounted on the carriage, interchangeable drums constructed for removable mounting upon the work support, means whereby said drums are aiiixed to rotate with the work support, cables wound in relatively reverse directions upon said drums and connected to opposite ends of said carriage, guides for the cables, and adjustable guide supports for the guides.

8. In a lathe, a rotary work support, means for rotating said work support, winch drums removably mounted at opposite ends of said work support and removably athxed to rotate therewith, cables Wound in relatively reverse directions upon said drums, a carriage connected at opposite ends to the respective cables and shiftable along said work support, means for guiding the movement of said carriage, work-cutting means mounted on said carriage, guides for the cables, and ad justable supports for shifting the guides se lectively toward or from said carriage.

l. In a lathe, a rotary shaft for supporting the work, removable means aiiXed to the shaft for rotating the same, winch drums removably affixed to rotate with said shaft at opposite end portions thereof, cables wound in relatively reverse directions upon said winch drums, a carriage having its opposite ends connected to the respective cables, means for guiding the movement of the carriage, a cutting tool supported by the carriage, guide rollers for said cables, and slotted and notched plates for adjustably receiving said guide rollers.

5. In a lathe, a rotary shaft for supporting the work, removable means affixed to the shaft for rotating the same, winch drums removably affixed to rotate with said shaft at opposite end portions thereof, cables wound in relatively reverse directions upon said winch drums, a carriage having its opposite ends connected to the respective cables, means for guiding the movement of the carriage, a cutting tool supported by the carriage, guide rollers for said cables, slotted and notched plates for adjustably receiving said guide rollers, the slots in said guide plates extending in the direction of movement of the carriage, and means whereby said guide plates may be adjusted toward and from the winch drums.

6. In a lathe, a rotary work support, a carriage bed adjacent thereto, a T-guide rail mounted adjustable upon said bed and Inovable locally toward and from said Work support, a carriage having a T-slot for receiving and slidable on said T-rail, a carriage upper plate swivelly supported on the carriage, a cutter plate hinged to the carriage upper plate, a cutter carried by the cutter plate for engaging the work, and means for shifting the carriage back and forth along said rail.

7. In a lathe, a rotary work support, a carriage movable beside the work support, cut ting means supported by said carriage, cables connected to opposite ends of said carriage, and drums on which the cables are wound in relatively reverse directions, said drums 

